What is drug-induced thrombocytopenia and how is it monitored in high-risk therapies?

• A. Thrombocytopenia triggered by certain drugs (e.g., heparin); monitor platelets and counsel on early signs; confirm with testing and adjust therapy if suspected
• B. A drug that increases platelet count
• C. Thrombocytopenia caused by dehydration
• D. A condition unrelated to medications

Answer: (B)

Drug-induced thrombocytopenia is a decrease in platelet count caused by a medication, which can raise the risk of bleeding. In high‑risk therapies, the goal is to routinely monitor platelets, starting with a baseline before therapy and checking periodically after starting or changing doses. Clinically, be alert for signs such as easy bruising, unusual petechiae, nosebleeds, gum bleeding, or any unexpected bleeding. If the platelet count drops or if bleeding signs appear, consider drug-induced thrombocytopenia and pursue appropriate testing to confirm the drug’s role (for example, specific antibody tests for heparin‑induced thrombocytopenia when heparin is involved) and then promptly discontinue the suspected medication. After stopping the offending drug, platelets typically recover over several days, and an alternative treatment should be used if continued therapy is needed. This condition is the opposite of a medication that raises platelets, which would describe thrombocytosis rather than thrombocytopenia.